ABSTRACT
Effect of different types of crop straw and its derivatives returning on soil nematode community

Shuang Zhong1, 2*, Ting-ting Song1, 3, Yan Qin1, 4, Yun-hui Li1, 4, and Xue-yuan Bai1
 
Using straw derivatives to prevent plant nematodes disease is an effective and environmentally friendly technology. To investigate the effect of different types of straw derivatives (CK, no addition; A, rice straw ploughing; B, rice straw biochar; C, rice straw compost; H, biochar-based compost) on soil nematode community, a long-term field study was conducted under two cropping systems (maize [Zea mays L.] continuous cropping and maize-rice [Oryza sativa L.] rotation) in northeast China. Soil samples were collected at depth of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm at ripening stage, 2025. The results showed that bacterivores were the dominant genera in the C and H treatments. Treatment H had the highest abundance of fungivores and omnivore-carnivores and the lowest plant nematode disease incidences in comparison with CK. The average values of plant parasite index and channel index were 46.9% and 55.7% higher in compost involved input plots than in CK. Average 76.6% of microbial biomass C was accumulated in 0-5 cm. Biochar involved amendments showed slow release of available NPK. Overall, straw and its derivatives returning improved soil biological quality as evidenced by pushing the soil ecosystem entered into a more mature and less disturbed state.
Keywords: Biochar, compost, maize, maize-rice rotation, soil nematode community, straw ploughing, straw returning.
1Jilin Normal University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Siping, China.
2Jilin Normal University, Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province for Targeted Identification and Photocatalytic Degradation Materials, Siping, China.
3Jilin Normal University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, Education Department of Jilin Province, Siping, China.
4Jilin Normal University, College of Engineering, Siping, China. *Corresponding author (ongzhish@126.com)