ABSTRACT


Héctor González R.1
 
A nematological survey has been conducted in the main grapegrowing area in Chile(provinces of Coquimbo through Maule) for the period 1966-69.As a result of this survey, it has been established that most of the grape varietiescultivated in Chile are heavily infested by several species of parasitic nematodes, namelyM. incognita acrita ( root-knot nematode), X. index and X. americanum (dagger nematodes),Pratylenchus neglectus and Pratylenchus thornei (root-lesion nematodes), Helicotylenchusdihystera (spiral nematode), Paratylenchus nanus and Paratylechus vandenbrandei(pin nematodes) and Criconemoides xenoplax (ring nematode). The latterfive species and M. thamesi, are for the first time recorded en Chile.The most common species, which is widely distributed and produces a rather extensive damage to grapes, is the root-knot nematode, M. incognita acrita. Often timesplants attacked by the nematode are also infected with crown gall caused by Agrobacteriumtumefaciens.
Similarly, X. index and X. americanum has been found in close association withsymtoms of the soil borne virus diseases belonging to the fan-leaf and yellow mosaiccomplex.Some general of plant-parasitic nematodes were found infrequently and in smallnumbers and are not believed to be important at the present time. These include thestubby-root nematode, Trichodorus, spp., the stunt nematode, Tylenchorhynchus spp.,the needle nematode, Longidorus spp., the sheath nematode, Hemicycliophora spp., thestem nematode, Ditylenchus spp., and the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans.A table is presented to list the species of parasitic nematodes belonging to 13 genera,which are found attacking grapes in Chile.
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1Ing. Agr. Proyecto Fitopatología Estación Experimental La Platina. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Casilla 5427, Santiago, Chile.